Lesson
4: Native American Tribes Before the Civil War
- Ho-Chunk/Winnebago
- Original
residents of the Great Lakes, particularly Wisconsin
and Illinois
- Iroquois
- Original
residents of what is now New
York State
- Confederacy
of the Iroquois
- Consisted of six tribes knows as the
Iroquois
Great Council: Mohawk, Seneca, Oneida,
Onondaga, Cayuga
- Kickapoo
- Fled
south and west to get away from British and American aggression
settling
briefly in Indiana, Illinois
and Wisconsin
- Miami
- Indiana,
Illinois, Michigan
and Ohio
- Many
forced to move to Oklahoma
during the Indian Removals
- Similar to the situation the Sauks faced
in Illinois
- This
was called the Indian Removal Act which
took place in 1829. It was ordered by
President Andrew Jackson. The southern
states were strongly in favor of this because they wanted to gain
access to the
Native American’s land. Even though
there were treaties protecting the Native Americans’ rights, the Indian
Removal
Act meant the inevitable removal
- Shawnee
- Originally
from Ohio, Kentucky
and Indiana
- As
far north as New York State and as far South as Georgia
- Cherokee
- Originally
from Georgia, the Carolina, Virginia,
Kentucky and Tennessee
- The
“Trail of Tears” was the Cherokee name for the Indian Removal.
- The
Cherokee tribe was one of the largest and most powerful eastern tribes,
and
they had been good allies of the Americans. They
didn’t want to leave their homelands, so they took
their case to
the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court
agreed with the Cherokees, and told them that they could stay in their
homes. However, President Andrew Jackson,
sent the army to march the Cherokees to Oklahoma,
otherwise known as the Indian Territory. Even though the Supreme Court made a
decision, Andrew Jackson ignored it and proceeded with his order. The Native Americans were not prepared for
the journey, which happened during the winter. Thousands
of Cherokee Indians died on the Trail of Tears,
along with
people from other tribes.
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