Invasive Plant Species

Genus species	Common Name	PAINT	Protocol for Control	Why Introduced	Problem it Causes
Acer ginnala	Amur maple	Yes	physical
Acer platanoides	Norway Maple	Yes		1762 as ornamental shade tree	invades woodlands
Aegopodium podagraria	Goutweed, Bishop's weed	Yes
Agropyron repens	Quack grass	Yes	burning, chemical		very aggressive and forms large patches
Ailanthus altissimia	Tree-of-heaven	Yes	physical, chemical	1780's as an ornamental tree	develops thickets and displaces vegetation
Albizzia julibrissin	Mimosa	No
Alliaria petiolata	Garlic Mustard	No	burning, cutting, pulling	brought to US for cooking and medicine	overtakes forests and disturbed habitats
Alnus glutinosa	European or Black alder	Yes	Chemical	ornamental tree
Alternanthera philoxeroides	Alligator weed	Yes
Ambrosia artemisiifolia	common ragweed	No	physical, chemical
Ambrosia trifida	giant ragweed	No	physical, chemical
Ampelopsis brevipedunculata	Porcelain berry	Yes	physical, chemical		shades out native vegitation
Arctium minus	Common burbock	Yes	physical, chemical
Berberis thunbergii	Japanese barberry	Yes	physical, chemical	1800's cultivated in United States	shades out understory species
Berberis vulgaris	European barberry	Yes
Bromus inermis	Smooth brome grass, Austrian brome	Yes	burning, chemical
Butomus umbellatus	Flowering rush	Yes	physical	ornamental plant, often sold for water gardens
Cannabis sativa	Marijuana	No
Carduus nutans	Nodding musk thistle	Yes
Celastrus orbiculatus	Oriental or round-leaved bittersweet	Yes		brought as an ornamental	climbs on trees and shrubs
Centaurea maculosa	Spotted knapweed, European star thistle	Yes	physical, chemical, insect	1890 as contaminant in alfalfa or hay seed	has toxin that hinders/prevents growth of species
Cirsium arvense	Canada thistle	Yes		early 18th century as contaminant of crop seed	troublesome weed
Cirsium palustre	Marsh plume thistle, Swamp thistle	No
Cirsium vulgare	Bull thistle	Yes		introduced as a seed contaminant	aggressive weed
Conium maculatum	Poison hemlock	Yes
Coronilla varia	Crown vetch, trailing crown vetch	Yes
Cotoneaster multiflorus	Many-flowered cotoneaster	Yes
Daucus carota	Queen Anne's lace, Wild carrot	Yes	physical, chemical
Dioscorea batatas	Chinese yam, Hardy yam, Cinnamon vine, Air potato	Yes	chemical	1800's as potential food source	forms matlike colonies that shade out vegetation
Dipsacus	Teasel	no
Dipsacus laciniatus	Cut-leaved teasel	Yes
Dipsacus sylvestris	Common teasel	no
Echinops sphaerocephalus	Globe thistle	no
Egeria densa	Common or Brazillian waterweed, elodea	Yes
Elaeagnus	Autumn eleagnus	no
Elaeagnus angustifolia	Russain olive	Yes	chemical
Elaeagnus pungens	Thorny olive	no
Elaeagnus umbellatus		Yes
Eleaganus umbellata	Autumn olive	no		1940s planted to provide food shelter for wildlife	created thorny thicket
Epilobium hirsutum	Hairy willow weed/herb	Yes	physical, chemical	ornemental	dense monotypic stands crowd out native species
Euonymous fortunei	(Purple) Wintercreeper or Climbing euonymous	Yes	physical, chemical
Euonymus alatus	Burning bush, Winged wahoo, Winged euonymus	Yes	physical, chemical	1860's as ornamental shrub	replaces native shrubs
Euonymus europeaus	European spindletree	Yes
Euphorbia cyparissias	Cypress spurge	Yes
Euphorbia esula	Leafy spurge	no	chemical, insect		outcompetes other vegetation, produces chemicals
Festuca arundinacea (=F. elatior)	Tall fescue	Yes	burning, chemical	forage for livestock erosion control along streams	fungus that suppresses growth and animals sick
Festuca pratense	Meadow fescue	Yes
Festuca pratensis	Festuca pratensis	no
Glechoma hederacea	Ground ivy, Creeping Charlie	Yes
Gypophila	Baby's breath	no	physical, chemical, burning	brought as an ornamental
Hedera helix	English ivy	no	physical, chemical		dense colonies shade out other species
Hemerocallis fulva	Tawny daylily	Yes
Heracleum manteganzzianum	Giant hogweed	no	physical, chemical
Hesperis matrionalis	Dame's rocket	yes	physical, chemical
Hibiscus syriacus	Rose-of-Sharon	no
Hippophae	Common sea buckthorn	no
Hippophae rhamnoides		yes
Humulus japonicus	Japanese hop	no	physical, chemical	oranmental
Hydrilla verticillata	Hydrilla	no
Hypericum perforatum	Common St. Johns-wort	Yes	burning, physical
Iris pseudacorus	Yellow flag or Water-flag iris	Yes	physical, chemical	sold for garden pools
Lespedeza bicolor	Shrubby bushclover	no
Lespedeza cuneata/Lespedeza sericea	Chinese lespedeza, Sericea/Chinese bush clover	Yes	physical, chemical	bank stabilization, soil improvement and forage	outcompetes vegitation
Ligustrum	Chinese privet	no
Ligustrum obtusifolium	Border privet, Blunt-leaved privet	Yes
Ligustrum vulgare	Common privet	Yes
Linaria vulgaris	Butter-and-eggs	Yes	physical, chemical	sold in wildflower mixes
Lonicera	Bush honeysuckle	no
Lonicera fragrantissima	January jasmine	no
Lonicera japonica	Japanese honeysuckle	Yes	physical, burning, chemical	1806 in New York as a landscape plant	smothers small trees and shrubs
Lonicera maackii	Amur honeysuckle	Yes	physical, chemical	1896 to North America	reduce plant diversity
Lonicera morrowii	Morrow's honeysuckle	Yes	physical, chemical	1800s to United States	reduce plant diversity
Lonicera tatarica	Tatarian honeysuckle	Yes	physical, chemical	1700s to United States	reduce plant diversity
Lonicera x bella	Bell's honeysuckle, Hybrid honeysuckle	Yes
Lotus corniculatus	Bird's-foot trefoil	yes
Lysimachia nummularia	Moneywort, Creeping Jenny	yes	physical, burning
Lythrum salicaria	Purple lossestrife	yes	physical, chemical	1800's through nursery trade	threatens rare or endangered species
Malus (spp)	Crabapples	Yes
Melilotus alba	White sweet clover	yes
Melilotus officinalis	Yellow sweet clover	Yes
Microstegium vimineum	Japanese stilt, Eulalia grass, Camus, Netal grass	no	physical
Miscanthus	Japanese silvergrass, Chinese silvergrass, Pampas	no
Miscanthus sacchariflorus	Amur silver grass	yes
Miscanthus sinensis	Zebra grass, Chinese silver grass	yes
Miscanthus sinensis purpurescens	flame grass	no
Morus alba	white mulberry	yes	chemical	to set up silkworm industry
Myriophyllum spicatum	Eurasian water milfoil	yes
Najus minor	Bushy pondweed, Brittle naiad	no
Nasturtium officinale	Watercress	yes	physical	used medicinally
Nymphoides peltata	Yellow floating heart	yes
Pastinaca sativa	Wild parsnip	yes
Paulownia tomentosa	Princess tree, Royal paulownia	no	physical, chemical	1830's as an ornamental tree	maintenance problems on roads
Perilla frutescens	Common perilla	no
Phalaris arundinacea	Reed canary grass	yes	physical, chemical, burning	forage value	smothers native wetland species
Phalaris canariensis	canary grass	no
Phragmites australis	common reed	yes
Poa compressa	canada bluegrass	yes		turf and forage
Poa pratensis	kentucky bluegrass	yes		turf and forage	outcompete native prairie grasses
Polygonum cuspidatum	Japanese knotweed, Japanese bamboo, Mexican bamboo	yes		ornamental
Polygonum perfoliatum	Mile-a-minute weed, Asiatic tearthumb	yes	physcial, chemical		covers and kills shrubs and other vegetation
Polygonum sachalinense	Sakhalian knotweed	yes
Populus alba	white poplar	yes	physical, chemical, burning	introduced as a landscape and street plant	drops twigs and limbs
Populus tremuloides	Quaking aspen	no
Portulaca oleracea	Purslane	yes
Potamogeton crispus	Curlyleaf pondweed	no	chemical		shades out slower growing native plants
Potentilla argentea	Silvery cinquefoil	yes
Prunus mahaleb	Mahaleb cherry	yes
Pueraria lobata=P. montana	Kudzu	yes	chemical, burning	livestock forage crop control agricultural erosion	displaces native plants
Pyrus calleryana	Bradford pear, Korean pear	yes		ornamental tree
Quercus acutissima	sawtooth oak	no	physical, chemical	shade tree and wildlife food
Rhamnus	Buckthorns	no
Rhamnus arguta	Saw-toothed buckthorn	no
Rhamnus cathartica	Common buckthorn	yes
Rhamnus davurica	Dahurian buckthorn	no
Rhamnus frangula	Alder, Smooth, Glossy buckthorn, tall hedge	no
Rhamnus japonica	Japanese buckthorn	no
Rhamnus utilis	Chinese buckthorn	no
Rhus glabra	Smooth sumac	no
Robinia pseudo-acacia	Black locust	yes	physical, chemical	useful wood, nitrogen fixing ability and flowers	displace native vegetation, seeds toxic
Rorippa sylvestris	Creeping yellow-cress	no
Rosa multiflora	Multiflora rose, Japanese rose	yes	chemical, burning	1950's wildlife cover, living fence, and food	invades agricultural lands, pastures
Rumex acetosella	Garden sorrel	no
Saponaria officinalis	Bouncing bet, Soapwort	Yes	physical	planted as ornamental used to make soapy leather
Setaria faberi	Japanese bristlegrass	Yes
Solanum dulcamara	bittersweet	no
Solanum viarum	Tropical soda apple	no
Sonchus arvensis	Field sow-thistle, Perennial sowthistle	no
Sorghum almum	Columbus grass	no
Sorghum halepense	Johnson grass	yes
Spiraea japonica	Japanese spiraea	yes
Trapa natans	Water chestnut	yes
Ulmus pumila	Siberian elm	yes
Valeriana officinalis	Common valerian	yes
Verbascum thapsus	Flannel mullein	yes
Viburnum lantana	Wayfaring tree	no
Viburnum opulus	European highbush cranberry	yes	chemical
Vinca minor	Periwinkle or Myrtle	yes	chemical, physical	medicinal herb and aphrodisiac	crowds out native herbaceous vegetation
Vincetoxicum	Black swallowwort	no
Vincetoxicum rossicum	Swallow-wort	no	physical, chemical, burning		outcompeting native wildflowers and young trees
Wisteria sinensis	Chinese wisteria	yes

*PAINT: Plants Available In Nursery Trade
Compiled from various lists by Marissa Jernegan