spring 1995
60-year old woman who concealed age gives birth to girl
Leyden note:
should medical science be doing 'tricks' like this -- and who pays for it ? In Canada where they have national health care (+/-) -- they will not pay for artificial insemenation -- because . . .
JERUSALEM (AP) - A 6O-year-old European woman who lied about her age to get an implant of donated eggs has delivered a healthy girl at an Israeli hospital, her doctor said Monday.

The woman, who already had passed menopause and could not conceive naturally, became one of the oldest on record to give birth. Her husband is 68.

The woman demanded that her identity be withheld. The Israeli doctor, Dr. Shlomo Mashiach, said he might not have carried out the procedure if he had known his patient's real age. "One has to set an age limit," he said. "I think age 50 is enough." He said his patient 'was the oldest woman he knew of to have given birth. But in the Italian city of Modena, Dr. Angelo Careccia confirmed on Monday an Italian magazine report that he delivered a baby for a 61- year old woman in July 1992.

Critics say older mothers might not live long enough to raise the children they bear.

Mashiach said he had treated 250 older women from Israel and abroad in his egg-donation program last year. He said many of the foreigners were Jews who wanted to be sure the donor was Jewish.

The European woman, an observant Jew, told Mashiach she was 48. Her real age was discovered two weeks ago when she checked into Maayanei Hayeshua Hospital outside Tel Aviv for delivery and a clerk checked her passport, said Dr. Moshe Rothschild, the hospital's director.

Mashiach said his patient had come to Israel for treatment tot several attempts at test-tube ation in Europe had failed and doctors began turning her away because of her age.

In Israel, she because of age. became pregnant in the first round of treatment, being implanted with donated eggs fertilized by her husband's sperm.

In the 38th week, her blood pressure rose slightly, and Mashiach said he decided to perform a Caesarean section to avoid risks. The baby was healthy and weighed 6.2 pounds. The woman checked out of the hospital three days later. He is president of Israeli Assoc. of G&O.


5/27st/95
st. louis post letters to editor --- march 1995
Too Many People

In a March 14 Commentary article, "Farm Bounty Feeds Booming Population," Eugene Makovec contends that there is no population problem because the "Western world is awash in farm surpluses." The argument is unacceptable because the evidence presented does not readily compare to the scope of the problem as outlined by proponents of population control.

The majority of humans aren't as fortunate as those in the West, so its stability and food surpluses do not compare to the famines and political strife endured elsewhere. The surpluses in the West do not belie the fact that thousands die daily from malnutrition.

Makovec's assertion that population-control policies are interfering with an individual's personal right to have children is also unacceptable. Using terms like "population police" suggests that the state has no legitimate authority in controlling the population. While I agree that there are limits to State power in this area, I disagree with the notion that it has no authority.

Constitutional scholars in the United States, like Larry D. Bar- nett, recognize that the state has the authority to act in this area if there is a compelling interest. Our sensibilities should be used to increase the extent of U.S. participation in international population control efforts; they should not be offended by sophistry.

Mark A. Schuler --- Ballwin


spring 1995
study: population must drop to 2 billion by 2100


SAN FRANCISCO (AP) -Earth's land, water and cropland are disappearing so rapidly that the world population must be slashed to 2 billion or less by 2100 to provide prosperity for all in that year, says a study released Monday.

The alternative, if current trends continue, is a population of 12 billion to 15 billion people and an apocalyptic worldwide scene of "absolute misery, poverty, disease and starvation," said the study's author, David Pimentel, an ecologist at Cornell University.

In the United States, the population would climb to 500 million and the standard of living would decline to slightly better than in present-day China, Pimentel said at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Even now, the world population of 6 billion is at least three times what the Earth's battered natural resources and depleted energy reserves would be able to comfortably support in 2100, Pimentel said.

Pimentel defines "comfortably support" as providing something close to the current American standard of living, but with wiser use of energy and natural resources. Under his scenario, then, if the world's population dropped to 2 billion, most people's standard of living would improve. "If people do not intelligently control their own numbers, nature will. That we can count on," he said.

Although a decline to 1 billion or 2 billion people over the next century sounds nearly impossible, it could be done by limiting families around the world to an average of 1.5 children, Ilimentel said.

Currently, U.S. women have an average of 2.1 children, as do the Swedes.

The average birthrate in ---

Rwanda is 8.5;
Saudi Arabia, 6.4;
Bolivia 4.6;
§Mongolia, 4.6;
Argentina, 2.8;
Germany, 1.5;
Hong Kong, 1.4;
Italy 1.3,

according to the United Nation's State of the World Population report.


Leyden note:
Jordan has a birthrae of 4.35% - one of the highest in the world -- and they are proud of it. Remember the Rule of 72 --- where to take the percent increase of anything and divide it into 72 -- to get the time to double a quantity. This means Jordan will double their population in about 17 years ( 17 / 4.35 ).
Depletion of coal, oil and natural gas, along with uranium reserves, are one important limit on the number of people that can survive comfortably on Earth, he said.

The other two key limiting factors are cropland and water for ir- rigation, he said. Each of the three factors, considered separately, leads to a calculation of a comfortably sustainable population of 1 billion to 2 billion in 2100 Pimentel found.

Sandra Postel of the World-watch Institute noted that until 1978, the amount of irrigated farmland around the world was growing faster than population. But in 1978, population growth began to outstrip the growth of irrigated land.


5 / 27st / 95



cton times courier june 1r, 1995

Coles County family grows with addition from China
MATTOON - Waving her arms and drooling happily, Melanie Sparks is lavished with attention and love from her new adoptive family. But parents Tony and Debbie Sparks say the infant was not so highly regarded in her native home of China.

A perfectly healthy baby, Melanie was abandoned on Dec. 2,1994, not even two months after she was born around Oct. 15. She was discovered and taken to an orphanage in Wuhan, the capitol of Hubei and a city of 8.5 million, where she was named Yan Xue. "Yan' is the surname and Xue'is 'snow, "Sparks explained. "This means the people who took her to the orphanage probably found her in the snow," Mrs. Sparks added. "It's sad, but this happens there all the time, especially with little girls."

Because couples in China are permitted to have only one child, the country's or orphanages are packed. Each of ChinaÕs 900 orphanages houses 200 to 300 children, mostly girls. The surplus of female babies exists due to the cultural value China places on boys.

Most of the boys who are abandoned are considered handicapped by Chinese citizens, although many have correctable problems such as a cleft pallet or club foot, Sparks said.

With their two other children, Mindy and Megan, who also chose 'Melanie's American name, reaching adolescence, the Sparkses decided last summer they were ready for another child.

Although they immediately considered adoption, the Sparkses were leery of in-state adoption in because of the Baby Richard case. The couple didn't want to worry about the potential of biological parents deciding they wanted their child back.

While weighing the options, the Sparkses saw an article on Ron and Karen Rushing, 1991 Illinois lottery winners who adopted a 6-month girl from China.

"At first, we read it and threw it away," said Mrs. Sparks with a laugh. "We had to go dig it out of the library."

After a visit with the Rushings, Tony and Debbie Sparks decided that international adoption was the way to go, and theybegan the paperwork- filled process that would eventually bring them Melanie.

"One thing led to another, and here she is," Sparks said with a touch of sarcasm. "No, it wasn't nearly that easy."

The couple had to follow normal domestic adoption procedures, then have immigration and naturalization approval from both the United States and China. A set of fingerprints, doctors' letters giving the entire family a clean bill of health and home study references were also required.

"We made about five trips to Chicago getting notary public seals, county clerk signatures and approval from the Chinese Consulate," Sparks said. "We were finally cleared just prior to December." Then the waiting began.

In late February, the Sparkses received a black-and-white picture of Melanie and a letter saying in-formation would follow on when the couple could travel to China.

The Sparkses finally set off for China in the first week of April, along with several other American couples and single mothers. Provided with a guide, the soon-to-be adoptive parents did some sightseeing before visiting the orphanage, which Sparks said was surprisingly clean and filled with healthy babies.

"We looked at ( adoption in ) Eastern bloc countries, but so many are sick," he said. "We also heard some horror stories about poor living conditions and skin diseases, but all the babies in our group were healthy."

Although the babies were well cared for and the orphanage was clean, Mrs. Sparks said the building was without heat. To keep the babies from becoming cold, the infants are dressed n about five layers of clothes -- even on the 78-degree spring day the Sparkses visited the orphanage.

As Mindy unfolded the seemingly endless mound of clothes Melanie was bundled in at the orphanage, Mrs. Sparks explained how babies in China wear split pants instead of diapers.

"They looked at us like we were nuts when we started unwrapping (Melanie)," Sparks said. 1 mean, it's about 80 degrees and these babies are dressed in so many layers they can hardly move." "Melanie spent the first 24 hours finding her arms and legs," Mrs. Sparks added.

As Melanie squirms restlessly in her father's lap, Sparks admits she is one of the lucky few Chinese children to find a home so quickly. In a country that abandons three babies per minute, China's adoption process is woefully slow and led to just more than 800 adoptions in 1994.

But that number, up from about 400 adoptions in 1993, is expected to more than double as China works on simplifying and speeding up its paperwork processing.

"We receive constant updates (from China) on the adoption situation, and they are genuinely concerned about how families are doing with their adopted children," Sparks said. "They want us to send photos of Melanie with the family, d our guide wants us to keep in touch."

In fact, Sparks added, many couples from their travel group were planning to go back to China to adopt another child; the country allows only one adoption at a time.

Although the Sparkses say they have plenty of children to keep them busy now, Mrs. Sparks said they would like to take the girls to China in the future.

I'd like Melanie to eventually see where she came from," she said. "And I hope other people considering adoption think about China - there's no shortage of babies."